What is the main function of potassium permanganate in water treatment?

Potassium permanganate is primarily used in water treatment to remove iron and manganese. This compound acts as an oxidizing agent, facilitating the conversion of dissolved iron and manganese into their respective insoluble forms. Once oxidized, these metals can be removed through filtration or sedimentation processes. The effectiveness of potassium permanganate in oxidizing these elements significantly improves water clarity and quality, making it a vital component in various water treatment schemes.

While potassium permanganate can have effects related to the other options, such as indirectly influencing odor or contributing to overall water quality, its most notable and direct function is in the removal of iron and manganese from water supplies. It is less effective in increasing hardness, neutralizing odors, or stabilizing pH levels compared to its oxidizing properties.