What is the purpose of disinfection in water treatment?

The purpose of disinfection in water treatment is to eliminate harmful microorganisms that can pose a risk to human health. Disinfection processes are critical in ensuring that water is free from pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa, which can cause diseases when ingested.

Disinfection is typically achieved through methods such as chlorination, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, or ozonation, each designed to effectively destroy or inactivate these harmful organisms. This step is crucial, especially in potable water treatment, where the aim is to provide water that is safe for human consumption and meets health regulations.

While improving taste and odor, filtering out toxins, and stabilizing pH levels are important aspects of overall water treatment, these functions do not directly address the need to protect public health by eliminating pathogens. Each of these processes may play a role in water quality and safety, but disinfection specifically targets the microbial threats that can lead to waterborne illnesses.