What role does activated carbon play in water treatment?

Activated carbon is primarily used in water treatment due to its high surface area and porous structure, which allow it to effectively adsorb organic compounds from water. These organic substances can include a variety of contaminants such as chlorine, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pesticides, and other pollutants that may be present in drinking water. The adsorption process occurs as these compounds adhere to the surface of the activated carbon particles, thereby removing them from the water and improving its overall quality.

The capabilities of activated carbon make it particularly valuable in both municipal and industrial water treatment applications. By utilizing activated carbon filters, systems can effectively reduce unwanted tastes and odors, making the water more palatable. Moreover, the removal of contaminants through adsorption is crucial for meeting regulatory standards and ensuring safe drinking water.

In this context, the function of activated carbon stands out, as it does not interact with the water in a way that alters its mineral content, increases pressure, or affects temperature, which are associated with the other choices. Thus, its primary role is indeed centered on the absorption of organic compounds.