Which process can result in the purification of drinking water?

Desalination using reverse osmosis is recognized as an effective method for purifying drinking water. This process involves the application of pressure to force water through a semi-permeable membrane that allows water molecules to pass while rejecting larger particles, contaminants, and dissolved salts. The result is purified water that is suitable for drinking and other uses, making it highly beneficial in areas where freshwater is scarce, and seawater is abundant.

The mechanism of reverse osmosis is efficient for removing not just salts, but also a wide range of impurities, including heavy metals, bacteria, and viruses, ensuring that the treated water meets safety standards for consumption. This technology is particularly important in regions facing water shortages, enabling the transformation of saline water into a clean and ready-to-drink resource.